Acts of the Apostles + a History of Christ’s Church
Acts of the Apostles 1-28
Acts of the Apostles:
+ The first century Church SHARED Christ while suffering severe persecution.
+ Luke records a historic account of the Church which gives 21c Christians a context to SHARE the Gospel of Jesus Christ with others.
Read more about the Early Church & add your COMMENT on Scripture.
ACT now.
+ SHARE the Gospel history witnessed in the CURRENT chronological SERIES from ACTS of the APOSTLES.
If you have not read our previous scene from Acts 8, click here.
35 Then Philip opened his mouth, and beginning from this Scripture he preached Jesus to him.
Kandoc’i – Servant of the Queen of Ethiopia
Philip joins this official (not named in Acts) of the Candace or Kandake of Nubia on the Nile (referred to Ethiopia in Acts).
Two Men Talk of JESUS
NOTE: I choose to identify this representative of the Queen with an Ethiopian sounding name based on my personal experience and previous conversations with Ethiopian friends.
Philip's encounter with this Ethiopian eunuch must have been life-changing for both.
36 Now as they went down the road, they came to some water. And the eunuch said,
“See, here is water. What hinders me from being baptized?”
37 Then Philip said,
“If you believe with all your heart, you may.”
And he answered and said, “I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.”
Acts 8:37b NKJV – The Ethiopian responds to Philip from his heart to be baptized for Christ
38 So he commanded the chariot to stand still.
This scene of Baptism
Let’s pause here for a moment to consider what our black brother has asked this Hellenist deacon of a Hebrew church back in Jerusalem.
No matter your background, no matter your sin, it makes us the same: Listen:
Let’s go down, down, down to the river (You will leave changed) Let’s go down, down, down to the river (Never the same) Gotta go, gotta go, gotta go down in amazing grace [x2]
What does it mean to be BAPTIZED?
Religious doctrine of your past could easily sidetrack our discussion of baptism here, but prior to continuing on our mission trip with Philip from Acts 8, allow me to point our talk of JESUS toward both definition and evangelism.
Baptized defined:
Start here: “baptized“ occurs 51 times in 44 verses in the NASB20.
βαπτίζω –
to dip repeatedly, to immerse, to submerge (of vessels sunk)
to cleanse by dipping or submerging, to wash, to make clean with water, to wash one’s self, bathe
Sep 18, 2018 from TalkofJESUS.com from brief series about Gospel of John
Returning to Talk of JESUS between Kandoc’i & Philip
and they both went down into the water, Philip as well as the eunuch, and he baptized him.
ACTS 8:38b – the moment Philip baptized the Ethiopian official of the Queen in the Name of Jesus Christ
Now here’s something you will NOT experience at any baptism (but remember with God all things are possible and the Lord had a purpose here to evangelism beyond this event on Philip’s mission).
39 Now when they came up out of the water, the Spirit of the Lord caught Philip away, so that the eunuch saw him no more; and he went on his way rejoicing.
ACTS 8:39 – Yet another sign, this to the just baptized Ethiopian official who had proclaimed: “I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.”
The eunuch no doubt continues his long journey home up the Nile in Africa, where the Gospel will travel with our brother, Kandoc’i, who will in turn preach Jesus Christ in this first century mission field and court of the Kandake of Ethiopia.
Philip the Evangelist
But Philip found himself at Azotus, and as he passed through he kept preaching the gospel to all the cities, until he came to Caesarea.
Acts 8:40 NASB
places along the mission journey of Philip the Evangelist
We cannot be certain if Philip running to catch up to this official, Kandoc’i of Ethiopia in his royal chariot was akin in any way to a sign of Elijah running ahead. [Read more.] However after the Ethiopian in the chariot was baptized, the Spirit of the Lord snatches Philip away!
One more sign for the evangelist to preach and one more miracle for our Ethiopian brother Kandoc’i to witness to his queen and all of the officials of his country far beyond Jerusalem.
We find Philip next in Azotus Ἄζωτος (Ashdod), a distance by air of over 100 km (<60 miles)! From there we learn that the evangelist will settle in the important Roman port city of Caesarea, a place with which we will become more familiar on the mission journeys of ACTS of the Apostles.
We’ll talk of JESUS’ evangelism model begun in the Apostles and now a command to Philip, one of Jerusalem’s first seven deacons in a moment. But first let’s review the setting of this semi-familiar scene of Philip baptizing an Ethiopian eunuch in (of all places), Gaza.
Acts of Evangelism by Christ’s disciples from Jerusalem’s Church
8: At that time a great persecution arose against the church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered throughout the regions of Judea and Samaria, except the apostles.
This is Philip who served with Stephen in Jerusalem
4 Therefore those who were scattered went everywhere preaching the word.
5 Then Philip went down to the city of Samaria and preached Christ to them. And the multitudes with one accord heeded the things spoken by Philip, hearing and seeing the miracles which he did.
(We will get back to the contrast between Samaria and Gaza in a moment.)
The Apostles in Jerusalem sent Peter and John to those evangelizing the towns of Samaria.
.. they [Peter & John] returned to Jerusalem, preaching the gospel in many villages of the Samaritans.
An Angel of the Lord commands Philip: GO to Gaza
We don’t want to dismiss too quickly who sends Philip on his way from the big city of Samaria (then called, Sebastia (when rebuilt by Herod the Great) with its six thousand souls, to an uninhabited Gaza along the road from Jerusalem.
Two routes to the Gaza road along the Mediterranean shore
Luke does not use this description of just anyone.
Now an angel of the Lord appeared to him, standing to the right of the altar of incense. Zechariah [Priest of the LORD and father of John the Baptist] was troubled when he saw the angel, and fear gripped him. – Gospel of Luke 1:11-12
And an angel of the Lord suddenly stood near them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them; and they were terribly frightened. – Gospel of Luke 2:9 – from the nativity of the shepherds near Bethlehem .. (also not too far from here)
We know these instances well; however in Luke’s second account of the Acts of the Apostles the Angel of the Lord initiates some important ACTS of disciples of the Risen Christ Jesus.
Previously, our history of the Apostles imprisoned in Jerusalem has already witnessed one of these appearances of the Angel of the Lord. A praying church is astounded to see Peter and John released from prison and then returning to the Temple to preach the Gospel.
They laid hands on the apostles and put them in a public prison. But during the night an angel of the Lord opened the gates of the prison, and leading them out, he said, “Go, stand and speak to the people in the temple area the whole message of this Life.”
“Get ready and go south to the road that descends from Jerusalem to Gaza.” (This is a desert road.)
Acts of Philip, disciple of the Apostles, 8:26 NASB20
27 So he started out, and he met the treasurer of Ethiopia, a eunuch of great authority under the Kandake, the queen of Ethiopia. The eunuch had gone to Jerusalem to worship, and he was now returning.
Seated in his carriage, he was reading aloud from the book of the prophet Isaiah.
The Kandake, Queen of Ethiopia
Amanitaraqide appears to be the subject of a brief reference in the New Testament (Acts 8:27)
Amanitaraqide held the title of Kandake in the Kingdom of Kush during the years 21-41
Nubia is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between Aswan in southern Egypt and Khartoum in central Sudan. It was the seat of one of the earliest civilizations of ancient Africa, with a history that can be traced from at least 2500 BC onward, Kerma culture, and was home to several empires, most prominently the kingdom of Kush, which for a while even ruled over Egypt.
Before the 4th century, and throughout classical antiquity, Nubia was known as Kush, or, in Classical Greek usage, included under the name Ethiopia (Aithiopia).
[MAP above of this region along the Nile & descriptions: Source]
The eunuch, wearing expensive robes of a court official, rides in a royal chariot(reserved for only the highest officials of Rome and independent powerful kingdoms), would seem unapproachable by an ordinary man like Philip. For it seems this royal official would have been in Jerusalem on some important diplomatic mission as the queen’s personal representative.
If you think back to the status of Daniel in Babylon or even further back to this region of the Nile and the earned status of Joseph serving Pharaoh, you will get a good picture of the importance of this man to the highest leaders of his country.
Even in this A.D. 21st century most men like Philip (and you) would know very little about this distant country in Africa far from Jerusalem and further from Rome and the new world beyond the great ocean.
Ethiopia, like many lands, must hear the Gospel in many languages.
Graphic source: Oromo Bible Society O land, land, land, hear the word of the LORD!
No, the Ethiopian court official is not like Philip.
As a diplomat with power to travel the world on behalf of his queen, he will play an important role in the spreading of the Gospel. So after Philip obediently travels to Gaza, he discovers that this man is a brother, a Jew who studies Scripture! And here in Gaza he is returning home to Kush from worship of the LORD in Jerusalem.
(That’s right, the same Jerusalem from which Philip has fled; initially north to the city of Samaria, but now southwest of Jerusalem into the desert lands of Gaza.)
Studying Isaiah with a ‘missionary’ to Gaza
ACTS 8:
29 Then the Spirit said to Philip, “Go near and overtake this chariot.”
(Philip is on foot and has walked this distance from Samaria, but this is now a second command of the Spirit as he reaches the Gaza road.)
30 So Philip ran to him, and heard him reading the prophet Isaiah
Luke 3:1 Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod [Antipas] was tetrarch of Galilee and his brother Philip was tetrarch of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis ..
(No, not that Philip, whose wife Herodias his brother Herod Antipas took as his own wife.)
Jesus chose Twelve Apostles at the beginning His ministry in Galilee. The Apostle Philip was one of the Twelve.
Philip has been an Apostle for about five years now.
The year c. A.D. 32 or 33.
(But it’s not that Philip, either. Don’t get confused like I did.)
When Simon Peter healed a lame man and spoke at Solomon’s Portico just two years ago, Philip would have observed the entire miracle. (Actually, two men named Philip may have been present.)
As the church grew rapidly, the twelve summoned the multitude of the disciples, asking them to choose seven men of good reputation, full of the Holy Spirit and wisdom to lead in ministering to the Church: Steven, Philip and five others.
(Yes, this other brother Philip, a leading deacon of the Church, second in the list of seven, is known as Philip the Evangelist.)
So now after Stephen’s trial, the Church in Jerusalem faces imminent persecution.
Philip heads back north through the mountains of Judea, traveling one of their usual routes to Galilee through Samaria.
Samaria was destroyed by Alexander the Great in 331 BCE, and again by the Hasmonean king John Hyrcanus in 108 B.C. The city was rebuilt by Herod the Great between the years 30–27 B.C. According to Josephus, Herod expanded and renovated the city, bringing in 6,000 new inhabitants, and renamed it “Sebastia” in the emperor’s honor (translating the Latin epithet Augustus to Greek Sebastos, “venerable”). – Source: Wikipedia
We will return to Luke's chronology shortly, but lets begin with a parallel timeline from his account of events in *Sebastia from the perspective of its people.
The ‘not so good’ *Samaritan
..there was a certain man called Simon, who previously practiced sorcery [μαγεύω] in the city and astonished the people of *Samaria, claiming that he was someone great, to whom they all gave heed, from the least to the greatest, saying, “This man is the great power of God.”
the name given by the Babylonians (Chaldeans), Medes, Persians, and others, to the wise men, teachers, priests, physicians, astrologers, seers, interpreters of dreams, augers, soothsayers, sorcerers etc.
the oriental wise men (astrologers) who, having discovered by the rising of a remarkable star that the Messiah had just been born, came to Jerusalem to worship him
a false prophet and sorcerer
Luke had begun his account with Philip's departure from Jerusalem following the execution of Stephen.
Philip went down to the city of Samaria and began proclaiming the [Messiah] Christ to them.
Philip leaves for *Samaria fully aware its reputation. He's been there before and passed through the town many times. And Jesus had illustrated general Jewish thought about this city and these northern tribes in the Parable of the Good Samaritan.
Miracles and Signs by Philip
6 And the multitudes with one accord heeded the things spoken by Philip, hearing and seeing the miracles which he did. For unclean spirits, crying with a loud voice, came out of many who were possessed;
Philip, along with the Apostles and many other disciples following the Lord had witnessed Jesus’ power to command evil spirits. Peter healed a lame manin Jerusalem, just one of several Apostolic signs of power. Now we learn of Philip’s miracles by the power of the Holy Spirit.
and many who were paralyzed and lame were healed.
ACTS (of the Apostle philip) 8:7b – NKJV
GOOD vs. EVIL!
Scripture records several contests similar to Philip’s opposition. Some of these contests between God (good) and evil have taken place on this very mountain where Philip encounters Simon Magus.
False prophets and idolaters deceive others by spirits (i.e. demons, devils, angels) from all that is evil.
Our 21st century Christian minds easily dismiss powers we cannot explain.
Do you really believe in such powers of the spiritual realms?
Acts reveals the Power of the HolySpirit [πνεῦμα].
“You men who are stiff-necked and uncircumcised in heart and ears are always resisting the Holy SpiritG4151; you are doing just as your fathers did. – Acts 7:51
But he, being full of the Holy SpiritG4151, looked intently into heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God – Acts 7:55
They went on stoning Stephen as he called on the Lord and said, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit G4151!” – Acts 7:59
The HOLY SPIRIT of the ONE GOD, WHO IS One with God the Father and the One begotten Son Christ Jesus, works for good in the hearts and lives of sinful men and women like us once we turn to Jesus as our Lord and Savior.
Acts of the Apostles is a first century account of a continuing battle between Good and Evil.
The Good News (Gospel) of the Lord’s death and resurrection is that JESUS will win this war.
Simon Covets Philip’s Power
Of course this power is not from Philip, but from the Holy Spirit.
11 They [the Samaritans] were attentive to him {Simon] because he had amazed them with his sorceries for a long time. But when they believed Philip, as he proclaimed the good news about the kingdom of God and the name of Jesus Christ, both men and women were baptized.
13 Even Simon himself believed. And after he was baptized, he followed Philip everywhere and was amazed as he observed the signs and great miracles that were being performed.
Philip’s signs are more powerful than the power of Simon Magus, who the Samaritans called, ‘the great power of God!’
Was Simon’s baptism a complete turning from evil and a permanent cleansing?
Did Simon receive the Holy Spirit
(even as Ananias and Saphira had claimed, yet sought to deceive the Holy Spirit and other believers)?
Luke tell us: 16 ‘They had only been baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.
Baptism alone does not make you any more faithful to Jesus than Ananias and Saphira OR Judas.
Philip continues teaching of new believers in Samaria with great success.
Meanwhile, back in Jerusalem..
14 When the apostles who were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent Peter and John to them.
Why Peter and John?
About eight days after these sayings, He took along Peter, John, and James, and went up on the mountain to pray.
Peter, James and John know the Person of Jesus more intimately than the other nine Apostles.
These three comprised an inner-circle of leadership for the Lord Jesus.
The Twelve in turn lead other disciples (hundreds of them at times), so that now these Apostles lead a growing Church.
The Lord Jesus Christ ascended into heaven! (At the conclusion of Luke’s Gospel and opening of ACTS of the Apostles, leadership passes to them.)
Simon Peter leads this inner circle of the Apostles, all of the Twelve (including Mathias), Jerusalem’s seven deacons (including Stephen and Philip); and NOW [c. A.D. 33] many disciples of Jesus beyond Jerusalem as they, ‘Go into all the world and proclaim the Gospel.’
Peter and John join Philip in Samaria
ACTS 8:15 After they went down there, they prayed for them so that the Samaritans might receive the Holy Spirit because he had not yet come down on any of them..
Then Peter and John laid their hands on them, and they received the Holy Spirit.
Apparently Simon is not of one accord with these new believers in Samaria. So the magician has missed out on the blessings of the Holy Spirit;
But the powerful always covet more power.
18 And when Simon saw that through the laying on of the apostles’ hands the Holy Spirit was given, he offered them money, saying,
“Give me this power also, that anyone on whom I lay hands may receive the Holy Spirit.”
If Simon’s story had ended here
Would you recognize this false prophet, a teacher with power?
Do you realize that such a man must bow down to the LORD God or face judgment with eternal consequence?
Does Scripture not warn us how to handle such sheep in the designer clothing of wolves?
ACTS of the First Century Church
Stephen had just called out such false leaders in Jerusalem! For two years now the Apostles have demonstrated signs from God to Jerusalem’s leaders. Revenge and persecution fill its political streets.
These leaders of the Great City of religion misused Scripture. AND false accusation meant to silence opposition to the Truth of the Gospel, resulted in their false leadership condemning Stephen to death!
The Lord Jesus Christ had warned of others to come. Simon Magnus could have been one of the first.
“And many false prophets will rise up and mislead many people.
YOU want such power, right? To make a lame man stand? Heal someone’s cancer? Help someone paralyzed with pain to get up and walk once more? Even to save a young man or woman from death? (Stephen was just thirty years old)
So did Simon, who like so many just offered to pay Peter for such POWER.
“Give me also this ability so that everyone on whom I lay my hands may receive the Holy Spirit.”
ACTS 8:19 NIV – Simon’s request to Peter
PETER would have none of it.
20 But Peter replied,
“May your money be destroyed with you for thinking God’s gift can be bought! You can have no part in this, for your heart is not right with God.
23 for I can see that you are full of bitter jealousy and are held captive by sin.”
24 “Pray to the Lord for me,” Simon exclaimed, “that these terrible things you’ve said won’t happen to me!”
Returning to the scene of the crimes against Christ and His Church:
25 After testifying and preaching the word of the Lord in Samaria, Peter and John returned to Jerusalem. And they stopped in many Samaritan villages along the way to preach the Good News.
ACTS of Philip (the Deacon Evangelist): TO BE CONTINUED...
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