Tag: romans

  • 2 Timothy 1 – For this Gospel I was appointed

    2 Timothy 1 – For this Gospel I was appointed

    Google map of the Roman world with stops of the Apostle Paul including Lystra where Timothy joined Christ's mission

    Paul’s Gospel of God and Christ

    The Apostle has begun his final pastoral epistle with encouragement of young Timothy as his beloved son appointed to continue in the Gospel of Jesus Christ.

    From Personal Sonship to Apostolic Responsibility for the Gospel

    Paul also identifies some of who fall away from Christ and others who remain faithful. (It remains a pattern for the ages.)

    What is Paul’s Gospel?

    And now - the Gospel The Logic of Paul's NEWS for the Corinthians 15:1-11 logic ethics emotion triangle

    εὐαγγέλιον

    euangelion

    Paul has written to the Romans, faithful saints in the city in which the Apostle is imprisoned and awaiting death:

    Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel G2098 of God,

    Romans 1:1 KJV

    To the Corinthian saints Paul writes:

    .. for in Christ Jesus I have begotten you through the gospel. G2098

    1 Corinthians 4:15b KJV

    and

    But if our gospel G2098 be hid, it is hid to them that are lost:

    2 Corinthians 4:3 KJV

    We could point to additional epistles of Paul to the saints of various churches. 

    Paul refers to the GOSPEL 74 times in 68 verses in ‘The Pauline Epistles.’


    God’s Divine plan now revealed in Christ

    That’s the Apostles’ NEW Good News!

    In Paul’s earlier pastoral letter to Timothy the Apostle had written:

    As I urged you when I was going to Macedonia, remain at Ephesus that you may charge certain persons not to teach any different doctrine,

    1 Timothy 1:3 RSV

    Certain saints supposedly committed to Christ had already wavered away from the Gospel Paul taught. 

    Now we know that the law is good, if any one uses it lawfully, understanding this, that the law is not laid down for the just but for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodly and sinners, for the unholy and profane..

    and whatever else is contrary to sound doctrine, in accordance with the glorious gospel of the blessed God

    with which I have been entrusted.

    1 Timothy 1:8-11 excerpt RSV

    I charge you to keep the commandment unstained and free from reproach until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ; and this will be made manifest at the proper time by the blessed and only Sovereign, the King of kings and Lord of lords,

    who alone has immortality and dwells in unapproachable light, whom no man has ever seen or can see.

    To him be honor and eternal dominion. Amen.

    1 Timothy 6:14-16 RSV – charge of the Apostle Paul to Timothy

    Paul worships God and Christ, pointing to the promise of the eternal mystery now revealed in the resurrection and ascension of Jesus.

    Paul’s Gospel of SALVATION in JESUS

    manifested by the appearing of our Savior

    join with me in suffering for the gospel according to the power of God, who has saved us

    and called us with a holy calling, not according to our works,

    but according to His own purpose and grace

    which was given to us in Christ Jesus from all eternity,

    but now has been manifested by the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus,

    who abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the gospel,

    2 Timothy 1:8b-10 LSB

    Jesus is now revealed as our Savior and it is death from which He has saved us.

    This is the gospel of Jesus as our saviour which Paul emphasizes throughout this last pastoral epistle to Timothy and saved saints of the Church.


    2 Timothy Commentary

    Retain the standard of sound words

    Hold to the standard of sound words that you heard from me and do so with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus

    2 Timothy 1:13 New English Translation

    Hold fast the form of sound words…

    2 Tim 1:13a KJV

    Retiens dans la foi..

    LS

    Retén la forma

    SE


    1:13 ὑποτύπωσιν ἔχε ὑγιαινόντων λόγων

    Retain – echō is the word Paul uses.

    The Apostle has used [ὑποτύπωσις]hypotypōsis  in his first epistle as well:

    Howbeit for this cause I obtained mercy, that in me first Jesus Christ might shew forth all longsuffering, for a pattern G5296 to them which should hereafter believe on him to life everlasting.

    1 Tim 1:16 KJV

    And again Paul states here:

    Hold fast the form G5296 of sound words, which thou hast heard of me, in faith and love which is in Christ Jesus.

    2 Tim 1:13 KJV

    His outline [or pattern] here is for Timothy and any pastor who will follow in the authority of Christ Jesus — the Apostolic faith which Paul, Peter and others have echoed.

    RETAIN THIS, insists Paul.


    Preachers, Apostles and Teachers

    This self-discipline [v.7] to which the Apostle has already pointed requires preachers and teachers to retain this pattern of Paul.

    Therefore do not be ashamed of either the witness about our Lord or me His prisoner..

    2 Tim 1:8a LSB


    a brief reminder about apostles, preachers and teachers.. and then, saints:

    An Apostle is ‘sent out’ or set apart under the Authorithy through God and Christ.

    IF you address your preacher standing in a pulpit going nowhere but the stage of their church as Apostle So-and-so, you miss the Apostolic authority Paul calls for preachers and teachers to retain as our pattern in Christ Jesus.

    Paul points out that he was appointed [tithēmi ] to all these responsibilities. He is an apostle, a preacher and teacher.

    The Church often used a symbolic laying on of hands for such offices, but the true sign is of the indwelling of the Holy Spirit of Almighty God.

    Preachers

    kēryx is the same word Peter used of Noah calling him, ‘a preacher of righteousness.’ It’s a noun meaning: a herald or messenger vested with public authority.

    You’ll recognize Paul’s point from its verb meaning to preach or proclaim.

    From that time Jesus began to preach G2784 and say, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.”

    Gospel of Matthew 4:17 LSB

    and He said to them, “Thus it is written, that the Christ would suffer and rise again from the dead the third day, and that repentance for forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed G2784] in His name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem.

    “You are witnesses of these things.

    Gospel of Luke 24:46-48 LSB – Jesus to the Apostles just prior to His ascension

    Paul reminds Timothy:

    That is why I am suffering here in prison. But I am not ashamed of it, for I know the one in whom I trust, and I am sure that he is able to guard what I have entrusted to him until the day of his return.

    2 Timothy 1:12 NLT

    Teachers

    διδάσκαλος – in the NT one who teaches concerning the things of God, and the duties of man

    “A disciple is not above his teacher G1320, nor a slave above his master. It is enough for the disciple that he become like his teacher G1320, and the slave like his master.

    Gospel of Matthew 10:24-25a LSB  

    And a reminder that mathētēs is any student or disciple of a teacher. 

    Slave is doulos which we often gently translate, servant.

    And again the significance of the teacher (whether Paul or Jesus or a teaching Elder of your church) is that relationship —

    of Teacher-Student or Master-Servant — kyrios - the same word often used for the Lord JESUS points to the authority of God.

    “You call Me Teacher G1320 and Lord  G2962; and you are right, for so I am.

    Gospel of John 13:13 LSB – Jesus to His Disciples


    a duty of the saints and pastors

    Now if any one says that we need not direct men how or what they should teach, since the Holy Spirit makes them teachers, he may as well say that we need not pray, .. or that the Apostle Paul should not have given directions to Timothy and Titus as to how they should teach others.

    And these three apostolic epistles ought to be constantly before the eyes of everyone who has obtained the position of a teacher in the Church.

    ON CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE – AD 397 & 426 – translated JF Shaw, book IV, ch xxxiii excerpt – ST. AUGUSTINE of Hippo

    Augustine, an elevated father of the early Church, presents sound reasons why all saints of Christ ought to dutifully follow their teachers and why all pastors can only lead their sheep of Christ’s pasture in diligence of prayer, obeying the Holy Spirit and keeping in Scripture, including these pastoral epistles.


    Guard the Truth

    * SUMMARY OF THIS GOSPEL:
    Christ alone is the good shepherd...
    Christ’s sheep know only Christ’s voice
    and follow it.

    God knows well who are his as Paul says in 2 Timothy 2:19:
    “Howbeit the firm foundation of God standeth, having this seal, The Lord knoweth them that are his.”

    It is not a congregation of Christ that strives for the honor of this world and desires to be esteemed great in the eyes of the world…

    ~ AD 1520 – Sermons of MARTIN LUTHER – a theologian, Catholic priest, reformer and former Augustinian friar – Vol 3, Pg 340 [translated Lenker]

    NEXT: 2 Timothy 2 – STRONG Teachers and FALSE Preachers

  • The Apostles Creed 11 the Resurrection of the Body

    The Apostles Creed 11 the Resurrection of the Body

    We believe in the resurrection of the body and life everlasting.

    The Apostles’ Creed — foundational to our Apostolic Christian faith

    Today we conclude the Apostles’ creed considering time and eternity and Scriptural references pointing to life and death.

    For an overview and more instructive view of the outline of our SERIES, take a look at the Roman Creed below:

    Followers of Christ must always expect an attack against Scripture. Church doctrine is a line in the sand. - How will a leader or council of leaders choose what the Church will teach?
    I BELIEVE or WE BELIEVE IN:

    Structure of Christian CREEDS

    Here’s a brief outline found originally in The Roman Creed:

    1. I BELIEVE IN God almighty (or the Father almighty)
    2. And in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord
    3. Who was born of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary
    4. Who was crucified under Pontius Pilate and was buried
    5. And on the third day rose from the dead
    6. Who ascended into heaven
    7. Siteth at the right hand of the Father
      • Whence He cometh to judge the living and the dead
    8. (I or WE believe in:) The Holy Ghost
    9. The Holy Church
    10. The remission of Sins
    11. The resurrection of the flesh
    • (and life everlasting).

    source: apostles-creed.org


    The early church taught what is basically in the Apostles creed

    It was not till heresies and divisions in the church that any creeds were established.

    source:


    I believe in

    The resurrection of the body


    We began our look at resurrection in a previous post affirming that Jesus rose from the dead. 

    The end of The Apostles’ Creed addresses resurrection of the believer and follower of the Lord Jesus Christ.

    ὁ πιστεύων – He who believes

    NOT every soul and NOT every body of flesh buried with the dead! ONLY those who believe in Christ Jesus.

    The Lord’s definitive answer about death and resurrection is specifically exclusive (which sinners reject and deny possibly to their last breath).

    εἶπεν αὐτῇ ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀνάστασις καὶ ἡ ζωή ὁ πιστεύων εἰς ἐμὲ κἂν ἀποθάνῃ ζήσεται

    Jesus said to her,

    “I am the resurrection and the life;

    he who believes in me, though he die, yet shall he live, and whoever lives and believes in me shall never die.

    Do you believe this?”

    Gospel of John 11:25-26 RSV

    The Son of God Who rose from the dead after being sacrificed on a cross for those who believe until His coming again, authoritively ANSWERED the timeless questions of mortal men, women and curious children of WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE DIE? 

    old man in beret kneeling at grave

    Many men have pondered this relative relationship between the timeless Creator of all things with mortal men made in his image.

    Before Christ

    Job 3:

    “There the wicked cease from raging, 
    And there the weary of strength are at rest.
    “The prisoners are at ease together;
    They do not hear the voice of the taskmaster.
    “The small and the great are there,
    And the slave is free from his master.

    “Why is light given to him who is troubled,
    And life to the bitter of soul,
    Who long for death, but there is none,
    And dig for it more than for hidden treasures,
    Who are glad with joy,
    And rejoice when they find the grave?

    Who recalls Korah’s rebellion against Moses, Aaron and the LORD?

    For my soul has been saturated with calamities,

    And my life has reached Sheol.

    I am counted among those who go down to the pit;

    I am like a man without strength,

    Released among the dead,

    Like the slain who lie in the grave,

    Whom You remember no more,

    And they are cut off from Your hand.

    You have put me in the pit far below,

    In dark places, in the depths.

    Your wrath lies upon me,

    And You afflict me with all Your breaking waves.

    Selah.

    Will You do wonders for the dead?

    Will the departed spirits rise and praise You?

    Selah.

    Psalm 88:4-7,10 LSB


    KING SOLOMON from Eccliastes

    The words of Kohelet, the son of David, king in Yerushalayim: "Vanity of vanities," says Kohelet; "Vanity of vanities, all is vanity." 

    For everything there is a season, and a time for every purpose under heaven:

    A time to be born, And a time to die...

    Eccliastes 1:1-2, 3:1-2a Hebrew Names Version

    Remember also your Creator in the days of your youth,

    Before the evil days come, and the years draw near,

    When you will say, “I have no pleasure in them;”

    Before the silver cord is severed,

    Or the golden bowl is broken,

    Or the pitcher is broken at the spring,

    Or the wheel broken at the cistern,

    And the dust returns to the eretz [earth] as it was,

    And the spirit returns to God who gave it.

    This is the end of the matter. All has been heard.

    Fear God, and keep his mitzvot [Commandments]; for this is the whole duty of man.

    For God will bring every work into judgment, with every hidden thing, whether it is good, or whether it is evil.


    CROSS Remember man that you are dust and into dust you shall return. Ashes to ashes, dust to dust..
    Genesis 3:19, Job 10:9

    a NEW TESTAMENT look at Resurrection

    “But regarding the resurrection of the dead, have you not read that which was spoken to you by God, saying, ‘I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob?’ He is not the God of the dead but of the living.”
    (Matt 22:31-32 NAS)

    “And inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment, so Christ also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, shall appear a second time for salvation without reference to sin, to those who eagerly await Him.” (Heb 9:27-28 NAS)

    source: Apostles-Creed.org more about the Resurrection

    The body dies — returns to the dust from which God created mankind. And the soul — not just the breath of life,brain or your lifeless heart where blood flows no more — your soul and mine will return to its place in the light of THE LORD or judged — separated from Christ and God — to the place of darkness and punishment.

    The Apostle Paul, whose Scriptures anchor the Apostles’ Creed, explains resurrection more thoroughly in his first epistle to the Saints in Corinth:

    But if it is preached that Christ has been raised from the dead, how can some of you say that there is no resurrection of the dead?

    If there is no resurrection of the dead, then not even Christ has been raised. And if Christ has not been raised, our preaching is useless and so is your faith… If only for this life we have hope in Christ, we are of all people most to be pitied.

    The Apostle addresses issues of unbelief in the Church, as well as growing heresies about Jesus Christ, His body and His Spirit.

    But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep…

    For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive...

    The last enemy to be destroyed is death.

    1 Corinthians 15: excerpts NIV

    So will it be with the resurrection of the dead.

    The body that is sown is perishable, it is raised imperishable;

    it is sown in dishonor, it is raised in glory;

    it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power;

    it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body…

    Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed— in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.

    Then quoting and answering the Prophets Isaiah and Hosea, Paul writes:

    “Death has been swallowed up in victory.”

    “Where, O death, is your victory?

    Where, O death, is your sting?”

    1 Corinthians 15 excerpts continued

    But thanks be to God!
    He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.

    1 Corinthians 15:57 NIV
    Further study of the Resurrection of Christ from 1 Corinthians 15: 

    And life everlasting.

    WHAT DOES THE ONE SON OF GOD ACTUALLY SAY ABOUT LIFE AND DEATH?

    “For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, even so the Son also gives life to whom He wishes.

    Gospel of John 5:21 LSB

    ζῳοποιέω – Life

    • to produce alive, begat or bear living young
    • to cause to live, make alive, give life
    • metaph., of seeds quickened into life

    You will see not only a resurrection of your soul returning to God — WE will ALL see the resurrection of the flesh!

    John preached repentance citing the Prophet Isaiah:

    the word of God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the wilderness.

    “..’AND ALL FLESH WILL SEE THE SALVATION OF GOD.’”

    Gospel of Luke 3:2b,6 LSB

    A Savior will come to all flesh [mankind].

    “He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day…
    He who eats this bread will live forever.”

    Gospel of John 6:54,58b LSB

    A FINAL Word on our pending DEATH and possible Eternal Life:

    For the wages of sin is death, but the gracious gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.

    Romans 6:23

    From the Revelation of Jesus Christ to the Apostle John 20:

    Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven, having the key of the abyss and a great chain in his hand…

    Then I saw thrones, and they sat on them, and judgment was given to them.

    And I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded because of their witness of Jesus and because of the word of God..

    And they came to life and reigned with Christ for a thousand years.

    The rest of the dead did not come to life until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection.

    Blessed and holy is the one who has a part in the first resurrection. Over these the second death has no authority, but they will be priests of God and of Christ and will reign with Him for a thousand years.

    .. And the devil who deceived them was thrown into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are also, and they will be tormented day and night forever and ever.

    Then I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened…

    Then death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death, the lake of fire.

    And if anyone’s name was not found written in the book of life, he was thrown into the lake of fire.

    “Truly, truly, I say to you,
    he who believes has eternal life. “I am the bread of life.

    John 6:47-48

    The Apostles’ Creed

    The Apostles Creed

    Amen.


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  • The Apostles Creed 10 the Remission (forgiveness) of Sins

    The Apostles Creed 10 the Remission (forgiveness) of Sins

    We believe in ..the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins…

    The Apostles’ Creed — foundational to our Apostolic Christian faith

    Today we have reached the second to last points of our brief look at the Apostles’ creed, the forgiveness or remission of sins.

    (We’ll also take a brief glance at ‘the communion of saints,’ mentioned in part in our previous look at the Church.)

    For an overview and more instructive view of the outline of our SERIES, take a look at the Roman Creed below:

    Followers of Christ must always expect an attack against Scripture. Church doctrine is a line in the sand. - How will a leader or council of leaders choose what the Church will teach?
    I BELIEVE or WE BELIEVE IN:

    Structure of Christian CREEDS

    Here’s a brief outline found originally in The Roman Creed:

    1. I BELIEVE IN God almighty (or the Father almighty)
    2. And in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord
    3. Who was born of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary
    4. Who was crucified under Pontius Pilate and was buried
    5. And on the third day rose from the dead
    6. Who ascended into heaven
    7. Siteth at the right hand of the Father
    8. Whence He cometh to judge the living and the dead
    9. (I or WE believe in:) The Holy Ghost
    10. The Holy Church
    11. The remission of Sins
    12. The resurrection of the flesh
    • (and life everlasting).

    source: apostles-creed.org


    The early church taught what is basically in the Apostles creed

    It was not till heresies and divisions in the church that any creeds were established.

    source:

    The Apostles’ Creed


    The Apostles Creed

    I believe in

    the communion of the Saints,


    If you haven't read our previous post about the Church you may find helpful definitions not repeated here. 

    Last time we addressed one of the two definitions included in this section of the Apostles Creed:

    • hagios
      • most holy thing, a saint

    Today let’s also take a brief look at what the Creed means by communion.

    (In a sense, it’s not what you think of first.)

    Then they that gladly received his word were baptized..

    Acts of the Apostles 2:41a KJV

    (Now they are the saints or Holy ones of Christ, because of the remission of their sins.) 

    And they continued stedfastly in the apostles’ doctrine

    and fellowship, G2842

    and in breaking of bread,

    and in prayers.

    Acts of the Apostles 2:42 KJV

    Note that communion here is the fellowship of the saints whick follows learning the teaching or doctrine of the Apostles.

    AND that Communion (as we call it) is a corporate breaking of the bread [klasis artos], a symbolic remembrance of Christ’s broken body.


    They devoted themselves to

    (from the CSB) (and in addition to;)

    • the apostles’ teaching,
    • to the fellowship (communion of the saints),
    • to the breaking of bread,
    • and to prayer.

    ALL these together, as Christ’s local church, to keep them holy and separate from the sin and surrounding sinners of whom they once embraced.


    κοινωνία koinōnía, koy-nohn-ee’-ah; from G2844; partnership, i.e. (literally) participation, or (social) intercourse, or (pecuniary) benefaction (giving to the benefit of the church):—(to) communicate(-ation), communion, (contri-)distribution, fellowship.

    Source: BlueLetterBible.org


    I believe in

    the forgiveness of sins

    Nehemiah 9:

    After the Hebrews had abandoned the Law of Moses and their priest Ezra reads it to the people.

    .. the children of Israel were assembled with fasting, and with sackclothes, and earth upon them.

    repentant prayer

    .. And the seed of Israel separated themselves from all strangers,

    sanctification or holiness apart from the sin of their former life

    and stood and confessed their sins, and the iniquities of their fathers.

    Confession to God precedes asking for forgiveness. 

    But they and our fathers dealt proudly, and hardened their necks, and hearkened not to thy commandments,

    And refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them; but hardened their necks, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage:

    but thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and forsookest them not.

    Nehamiah 9:16-17 KJV

    the remission of sins,

    Admittedly 'remission from the Creed is a little 'King James' in its sound. But recognize the New Testament application with which you may be able to relate from a familiar prayer and Scripture. 

    Forgive us our debts

    (Which comes from this OT application of the Law)

    “At the end of every seven years you shall grant a remission of debts.

    מִקֵּץ שֶׁבַע־שָׁנִים תַּעֲשֶׂה שְׁמִטָּה׃

    Deuteronomy 18:1 LSB


    ‘And forgive us our debts,
    as we also have forgiven our debtors.

    Gospel of Matthew 6:12 LSB

    “For if you forgive others for their transgressions,

    your heavenly Father will also forgive you.

    “But if you do not forgive others,

    then your Father will not forgive your transgressions.

    Matthew 6:14-15 LSB – the teaching of Jesus, the Son of Man, to followers


    paraptōma – transgressions

    • to fall beside or near something
    • a lapse or deviation from truth and uprightness
      • a sin, misdeed

    And you were dead in your transgressions G3900 and sins..

    Apostle Paul to the Ephesians 2:1

    For the wages of sin is death,
    but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.

    Romans 6:23 NIV

    The remission of Sins through Christ

    • the concept of “wages,” which implies a payment or consequence that is earned. In the biblical context,
    • sin refers to any action, thought, or attitude that falls short of God’s holiness and commands.
    • Death here is both physical and spiritual, indicating separation from God.
      • Theologically, this underscores the seriousness of sin and its inevitable outcome without divine intervention.

    Contrasting with the earned wages of sin, the “gift of God” emphasizes grace, which is unmerited favor. Eternal life is not something humans can earn; it is a gift freely given by God.

    It is only through Jesus Christ, His death, and resurrection, that believers receive this gift. Jesus is seen as the fulfillment of Old Testament types and prophecies, such as the Passover Lamb (Exodus 12) and the Suffering Servant (Isaiah 53).

    Source: BibleHub.org – commentary on Romans 6:23


    In Him we have redemption through His blood,

    the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of His grace.

    Ephesians 1:7 NKJV


    NEXT: Resurrection!

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