Tag: Christ

  • 2 Timothy – Apostolic Faith and Pastoral Oversight by Paul

    2 Timothy – Apostolic Faith and Pastoral Oversight by Paul

    Introduction

    God and Christ became incarnate in order to restore Their personal relationship with sinful man.

    Roger@TallkofJesus.com


    God and Apostles, Disciples of men

    Our purpose in introducing Paul’s final epistle to a pastor is:

    1. to reintroduce you to the Apostle Paul and

    2. to reacquaint you with Timothy, a disciple of Paul who served him in varying roles,

    BOTH whom we’ve met in Acts of the Apostles and other epistles.


    Let us begin with God

    (says the teacher to his class). 

    God — YHWH the LORD — Is One.

    One in Being. One in Essence. One in Substance.

    There IS no other god.

    God IS the Creator of all things and of all mankind.

    He had a relationship in the beginning of time — before which He Exists and after which He Exists — the LORD’s relationships are perfectly personal.

    God IS: Father, Son — Jesus Christ, and the Holy Spirit.


    Christ, Apostles and Disciples

    The Apostle Paul writes to Timothy in his first epistle:

    This is a faithful saying and worthy of all acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am chief.

    First letter of the Apostle Paul to Timothy

    Jesus, the incarnate Son of God the Father, taught the Gospel with all perfection to men for three years.

    The Twelve Disciples (which included neither Paul nor Timothy) followed the Lord, ate and slept with Jesus — they all knew the incarnate Son of God personally.


    Consider the interpersonal relationships connecting each of these roles as defined by Scripture and what the Lord Jesus, our Teacher, instructs:

    Disciple (follower), Master (teacher), Servant (slave) and Lord

    The Disciples Matthew, John and Peter were all present with the incarnate Christ Jesus personally when the Lord said this:

    The disciple is not above his master, nor the servant above his lord.

    Gospel of Matthew 24:14 – Jesus’ to The Twelve Disciples; Instructions for Service & meaning of discipleship – KJV

    μαθητής – mathētēs – disciple (268x) – a learner, pupil, one who follows one’s teaching:

    The Twelve followed JESUS for three years, discipleship at its most personal.

    Furthermore, many others would follow JESUS’s teachings as ‘Christians’ chosen by God for the Way of eternal life.


    Apostles to the Jews and Gentiles

    Of course from the beginning Jesus knew that Judas would betray Him and that a disciple Mathias would be chosen to replace the betrayer of Christ as a twelfth Apostle to the Jews.

    Christ had taught and trained the Twelve how they would become Apostles — primarily, but not exclusively, to their fellow Jews —after His death, resurrection and ascension.


    Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ, to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ:

    2 Peter 1:1 KJV


    Paul also refers to himself as an Apostle, greeting his disciples (followers) in his first epistle and this final letter.

    Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, according to the promise of life which is in Christ Jesus,

    To Timothy, my dearly beloved son:

    2 Timothy 1:1-2a KJV

    So who are apostles?

    Acts Apostolos - Acts 1 of the Apostles begins a 28 chapter account of the chronicles of Christ's Apostles - a history of Christ's Church

    Apostolos – a delegate, messenger, one sent forth with orders

    • specifically applied to the twelve apostles of Christ
    • in a broader sense applied to other eminent Christian teachers
    • – of Barnabas of Timothy and Silvanus

    Apostles are ‘sent out’ by Christ.

    As in the case of the Twelve and the Apostle Paul, the Lord himself instructed them Personally — that is, the Person of Jesus sent these Apostles out into the world personally.

    Other apostles continued to be ‘sent out into all the world’ by the Holy Spirit after Jesus’ ascension, as Luke records for us of the day of Pentecost in ACTS 1.


    As we learned from Acts of the Apostles that after the AD 49 Council in Jerusalem, Peter, Paul, John and all others were sent out ‘first to the Jews,’ but also into gentile areas of the Roman Empire (mostly Hellenist or Greek provinces) to include ALL as follows of Christ as part of each local church.

    Jesus is Lord

    Note that Jesus Christ refers to the Father as Lord (Kyrios in their common Greek language of the Roman Empire) with an authority and meaning no different than the original Hebrew scripture (Yahweh).

    “Teacher, which is the great commandment in the Law?”

    And He said to him,

    “‘YOU SHALL LOVE THE LORD YOUR GOD WITH ALL YOUR HEART, AND WITH ALL YOUR SOUL, AND WITH ALL YOUR MIND.’

    Matthew 22:36-37 LSB



    Saul, a Jew of Jews, sent out by a Master crucified and risen!

    About five years after the Jews of Jerusalem had crucified Jesus, a young disciple of Gamaliel witnessed the stoning of a follower of The Way.

    They went on stoning Stephen as he was calling out and saying, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!” Then falling on his knees, he cried out with a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them!” And having said this, he fell asleep.

    Acts of the Apostles 7:59-60 LSB

    Stephen, even in his dying breath, called JESUS, “Lord” – twice.

    And this young disciple of the rabbi Gamaliel had witnessed it personally.

    Saul of Tarsus would become an apostle of the Sanhedrin specifically sent out to continue persecuting Christians.

    But then, as we know, Christ appeared to Saul and instructed this new and unwilling (at first) Apostle to go to the Gentiles.

    Paul frequently writes that He is a slave (doulos) of JESUS or God(or of the gospel). The Lord Jesus himself points to the service required of this most personal relationship.

    Many translations prefer servant to slave, but it is the same Greek word: doulos. 

    The disciple is not above his master, nor the servant above his lord.

    Gospel of Matthew 10:24 KJV

    The Apostle Paul describes himself in another pastoral epistle written about the same time as his two letters to Timothy:

    Paul, a servant G1401 of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God’s elect, and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness;

    Epistle of Paul to Titus 1:1

    Timothy – Paul enlists a disciple of The Way

    Lystra, Derbe and Iconium in the Taurus mountains and general Roman region of Galatia to where Paul sends the first of his epistles.

    Now Paul also arrived at Derbe and at Lystra.

    And behold, a disciple was there, named Timothy,

    the son of a Jewish woman who was a believer,

    but his father was a Greek,

    Acts of the Apostles 16:1

    During Paul’s second missionary journey, which had begun inland through the mountains northwest of Tarsus in rural Galatia. While visiting churches established by Barnabas and him on a first missionary journey, the Apostle meets a young Timothy — a Greek, because of his father, but brought up as a Christ-follower by his mother(a Jew, as Paul had been) and Timothy’s grandmother.

    A brief introduction of Timothy (Τιμόθεος – Timotheos)

    Timothy's early journeys are found in Acts of the Apostles. 

    ~AD 49

    Timothy joined Paul and Silas on mission, staying behind at Berea for a time with Silas. Paul, later commands the two by the Spirit to join him in Athens from where the trio proceed to Macedonia.

    Paul then ‘sent into Macedonia two of them that ministered unto him, Timotheus and Erastus; but he himself stayed in Asia for a season.

    Acts 19:22 KJV

    We observe how personal all of the mentoring relations of the Apostle remain to Paul as Luke records those with the Apostle when once again the Jews laid wait to capture and kill him.

    Paul was accompanied by Sopater son of Pyrrhus from Berea,

    Aristarchus and Secundus from Thessalonica,

    Gaius from Derbe, Timothy, and Tychicus

    and Trophimus from the province of Asia.

    Acts of the Apostles 20:4 Berean Standard Bible

    We will mention more of Timothy's crucial later pastoral roles later in this epistle.  

    Timothy wrote other epistles with Paul :

    It is important for us to note that these Pastoral Epistles make known the Spirit-directed teaching of the Apostle Paul we must study, rather than focus on any pastors or saints to whom Paul writes, such as Timothy.

    • ~AD 50-51
    • ~AD 55-56 the Apostle Paul writes:
      • 1 Corinthians with Sosthenes and
      • 2 Corinthians with Timothy
    preaching to them that perish - Paul writes to the Corinthians to consider his different way of preaching
    The Apostle Paul writes to the Corinthians with Sosthenes and a second time with Timothy
    *graphic from a 2024 TalkofJESUS SERIES Post: Rebuke of ministers that perish without the Cross
    • ~AD 60-62 The Apostle Paul writes to:
      • the Ephesians
      • the Philippians
    Archaeological Site of Philippi: General view of the forum with adjacent agora marketplace

    Paul and Timothy, servants of Christ Jesus,

    To all God’s holy people in Christ Jesus at Philippi, together with the overseers and deacons:

    Philippians 1:1 NIV

    • the Colossians, with Timothy
    • and a personal plea along with Timothy to Philemon, concerning Onesimus.

    NEXT: 2 Timothy 1:

    timotheos agapētos teknon

    To Timothy, my beloved son


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  • The Apostles Creed 11 the Resurrection of the Body

    The Apostles Creed 11 the Resurrection of the Body

    We believe in the resurrection of the body and life everlasting.

    The Apostles’ Creed — foundational to our Apostolic Christian faith

    Today we conclude the Apostles’ creed considering time and eternity and Scriptural references pointing to life and death.

    For an overview and more instructive view of the outline of our SERIES, take a look at the Roman Creed below:

    Followers of Christ must always expect an attack against Scripture. Church doctrine is a line in the sand. - How will a leader or council of leaders choose what the Church will teach?
    I BELIEVE or WE BELIEVE IN:

    Structure of Christian CREEDS

    Here’s a brief outline found originally in The Roman Creed:

    1. I BELIEVE IN God almighty (or the Father almighty)
    2. And in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord
    3. Who was born of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary
    4. Who was crucified under Pontius Pilate and was buried
    5. And on the third day rose from the dead
    6. Who ascended into heaven
    7. Siteth at the right hand of the Father
      • Whence He cometh to judge the living and the dead
    8. (I or WE believe in:) The Holy Ghost
    9. The Holy Church
    10. The remission of Sins
    11. The resurrection of the flesh
    • (and life everlasting).

    source: apostles-creed.org


    The early church taught what is basically in the Apostles creed

    It was not till heresies and divisions in the church that any creeds were established.

    source:


    I believe in

    The resurrection of the body


    We began our look at resurrection in a previous post affirming that Jesus rose from the dead. 

    The end of The Apostles’ Creed addresses resurrection of the believer and follower of the Lord Jesus Christ.

    ὁ πιστεύων – He who believes

    NOT every soul and NOT every body of flesh buried with the dead! ONLY those who believe in Christ Jesus.

    The Lord’s definitive answer about death and resurrection is specifically exclusive (which sinners reject and deny possibly to their last breath).

    εἶπεν αὐτῇ ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀνάστασις καὶ ἡ ζωή ὁ πιστεύων εἰς ἐμὲ κἂν ἀποθάνῃ ζήσεται

    Jesus said to her,

    “I am the resurrection and the life;

    he who believes in me, though he die, yet shall he live, and whoever lives and believes in me shall never die.

    Do you believe this?”

    Gospel of John 11:25-26 RSV

    The Son of God Who rose from the dead after being sacrificed on a cross for those who believe until His coming again, authoritively ANSWERED the timeless questions of mortal men, women and curious children of WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE DIE? 

    old man in beret kneeling at grave

    Many men have pondered this relative relationship between the timeless Creator of all things with mortal men made in his image.

    Before Christ

    Job 3:

    “There the wicked cease from raging, 
    And there the weary of strength are at rest.
    “The prisoners are at ease together;
    They do not hear the voice of the taskmaster.
    “The small and the great are there,
    And the slave is free from his master.

    “Why is light given to him who is troubled,
    And life to the bitter of soul,
    Who long for death, but there is none,
    And dig for it more than for hidden treasures,
    Who are glad with joy,
    And rejoice when they find the grave?

    Who recalls Korah’s rebellion against Moses, Aaron and the LORD?

    For my soul has been saturated with calamities,

    And my life has reached Sheol.

    I am counted among those who go down to the pit;

    I am like a man without strength,

    Released among the dead,

    Like the slain who lie in the grave,

    Whom You remember no more,

    And they are cut off from Your hand.

    You have put me in the pit far below,

    In dark places, in the depths.

    Your wrath lies upon me,

    And You afflict me with all Your breaking waves.

    Selah.

    Will You do wonders for the dead?

    Will the departed spirits rise and praise You?

    Selah.

    Psalm 88:4-7,10 LSB


    KING SOLOMON from Eccliastes

    The words of Kohelet, the son of David, king in Yerushalayim: "Vanity of vanities," says Kohelet; "Vanity of vanities, all is vanity." 

    For everything there is a season, and a time for every purpose under heaven:

    A time to be born, And a time to die...

    Eccliastes 1:1-2, 3:1-2a Hebrew Names Version

    Remember also your Creator in the days of your youth,

    Before the evil days come, and the years draw near,

    When you will say, “I have no pleasure in them;”

    Before the silver cord is severed,

    Or the golden bowl is broken,

    Or the pitcher is broken at the spring,

    Or the wheel broken at the cistern,

    And the dust returns to the eretz [earth] as it was,

    And the spirit returns to God who gave it.

    This is the end of the matter. All has been heard.

    Fear God, and keep his mitzvot [Commandments]; for this is the whole duty of man.

    For God will bring every work into judgment, with every hidden thing, whether it is good, or whether it is evil.


    CROSS Remember man that you are dust and into dust you shall return. Ashes to ashes, dust to dust..
    Genesis 3:19, Job 10:9

    a NEW TESTAMENT look at Resurrection

    “But regarding the resurrection of the dead, have you not read that which was spoken to you by God, saying, ‘I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob?’ He is not the God of the dead but of the living.”
    (Matt 22:31-32 NAS)

    “And inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment, so Christ also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, shall appear a second time for salvation without reference to sin, to those who eagerly await Him.” (Heb 9:27-28 NAS)

    source: Apostles-Creed.org more about the Resurrection

    The body dies — returns to the dust from which God created mankind. And the soul — not just the breath of life,brain or your lifeless heart where blood flows no more — your soul and mine will return to its place in the light of THE LORD or judged — separated from Christ and God — to the place of darkness and punishment.

    The Apostle Paul, whose Scriptures anchor the Apostles’ Creed, explains resurrection more thoroughly in his first epistle to the Saints in Corinth:

    But if it is preached that Christ has been raised from the dead, how can some of you say that there is no resurrection of the dead?

    If there is no resurrection of the dead, then not even Christ has been raised. And if Christ has not been raised, our preaching is useless and so is your faith… If only for this life we have hope in Christ, we are of all people most to be pitied.

    The Apostle addresses issues of unbelief in the Church, as well as growing heresies about Jesus Christ, His body and His Spirit.

    But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep…

    For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive...

    The last enemy to be destroyed is death.

    1 Corinthians 15: excerpts NIV

    So will it be with the resurrection of the dead.

    The body that is sown is perishable, it is raised imperishable;

    it is sown in dishonor, it is raised in glory;

    it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power;

    it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body…

    Listen, I tell you a mystery: We will not all sleep, but we will all be changed— in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.

    Then quoting and answering the Prophets Isaiah and Hosea, Paul writes:

    “Death has been swallowed up in victory.”

    “Where, O death, is your victory?

    Where, O death, is your sting?”

    1 Corinthians 15 excerpts continued

    But thanks be to God!
    He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.

    1 Corinthians 15:57 NIV
    Further study of the Resurrection of Christ from 1 Corinthians 15: 

    And life everlasting.

    WHAT DOES THE ONE SON OF GOD ACTUALLY SAY ABOUT LIFE AND DEATH?

    “For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, even so the Son also gives life to whom He wishes.

    Gospel of John 5:21 LSB

    ζῳοποιέω – Life

    • to produce alive, begat or bear living young
    • to cause to live, make alive, give life
    • metaph., of seeds quickened into life

    You will see not only a resurrection of your soul returning to God — WE will ALL see the resurrection of the flesh!

    John preached repentance citing the Prophet Isaiah:

    the word of God came to John, the son of Zechariah, in the wilderness.

    “..’AND ALL FLESH WILL SEE THE SALVATION OF GOD.’”

    Gospel of Luke 3:2b,6 LSB

    A Savior will come to all flesh [mankind].

    “He who eats My flesh and drinks My blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day…
    He who eats this bread will live forever.”

    Gospel of John 6:54,58b LSB

    A FINAL Word on our pending DEATH and possible Eternal Life:

    For the wages of sin is death, but the gracious gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.

    Romans 6:23

    From the Revelation of Jesus Christ to the Apostle John 20:

    Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven, having the key of the abyss and a great chain in his hand…

    Then I saw thrones, and they sat on them, and judgment was given to them.

    And I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded because of their witness of Jesus and because of the word of God..

    And they came to life and reigned with Christ for a thousand years.

    The rest of the dead did not come to life until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection.

    Blessed and holy is the one who has a part in the first resurrection. Over these the second death has no authority, but they will be priests of God and of Christ and will reign with Him for a thousand years.

    .. And the devil who deceived them was thrown into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are also, and they will be tormented day and night forever and ever.

    Then I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened…

    Then death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death, the lake of fire.

    And if anyone’s name was not found written in the book of life, he was thrown into the lake of fire.

    “Truly, truly, I say to you,
    he who believes has eternal life. “I am the bread of life.

    John 6:47-48

    The Apostles’ Creed

    The Apostles Creed

    Amen.


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  • The Apostles Creed 10 the Remission (forgiveness) of Sins

    The Apostles Creed 10 the Remission (forgiveness) of Sins

    We believe in ..the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins…

    The Apostles’ Creed — foundational to our Apostolic Christian faith

    Today we have reached the second to last points of our brief look at the Apostles’ creed, the forgiveness or remission of sins.

    (We’ll also take a brief glance at ‘the communion of saints,’ mentioned in part in our previous look at the Church.)

    For an overview and more instructive view of the outline of our SERIES, take a look at the Roman Creed below:

    Followers of Christ must always expect an attack against Scripture. Church doctrine is a line in the sand. - How will a leader or council of leaders choose what the Church will teach?
    I BELIEVE or WE BELIEVE IN:

    Structure of Christian CREEDS

    Here’s a brief outline found originally in The Roman Creed:

    1. I BELIEVE IN God almighty (or the Father almighty)
    2. And in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord
    3. Who was born of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary
    4. Who was crucified under Pontius Pilate and was buried
    5. And on the third day rose from the dead
    6. Who ascended into heaven
    7. Siteth at the right hand of the Father
    8. Whence He cometh to judge the living and the dead
    9. (I or WE believe in:) The Holy Ghost
    10. The Holy Church
    11. The remission of Sins
    12. The resurrection of the flesh
    • (and life everlasting).

    source: apostles-creed.org


    The early church taught what is basically in the Apostles creed

    It was not till heresies and divisions in the church that any creeds were established.

    source:

    The Apostles’ Creed


    The Apostles Creed

    I believe in

    the communion of the Saints,


    If you haven't read our previous post about the Church you may find helpful definitions not repeated here. 

    Last time we addressed one of the two definitions included in this section of the Apostles Creed:

    • hagios
      • most holy thing, a saint

    Today let’s also take a brief look at what the Creed means by communion.

    (In a sense, it’s not what you think of first.)

    Then they that gladly received his word were baptized..

    Acts of the Apostles 2:41a KJV

    (Now they are the saints or Holy ones of Christ, because of the remission of their sins.) 

    And they continued stedfastly in the apostles’ doctrine

    and fellowship, G2842

    and in breaking of bread,

    and in prayers.

    Acts of the Apostles 2:42 KJV

    Note that communion here is the fellowship of the saints whick follows learning the teaching or doctrine of the Apostles.

    AND that Communion (as we call it) is a corporate breaking of the bread [klasis artos], a symbolic remembrance of Christ’s broken body.


    They devoted themselves to

    (from the CSB) (and in addition to;)

    • the apostles’ teaching,
    • to the fellowship (communion of the saints),
    • to the breaking of bread,
    • and to prayer.

    ALL these together, as Christ’s local church, to keep them holy and separate from the sin and surrounding sinners of whom they once embraced.


    κοινωνία koinōnía, koy-nohn-ee’-ah; from G2844; partnership, i.e. (literally) participation, or (social) intercourse, or (pecuniary) benefaction (giving to the benefit of the church):—(to) communicate(-ation), communion, (contri-)distribution, fellowship.

    Source: BlueLetterBible.org


    I believe in

    the forgiveness of sins

    Nehemiah 9:

    After the Hebrews had abandoned the Law of Moses and their priest Ezra reads it to the people.

    .. the children of Israel were assembled with fasting, and with sackclothes, and earth upon them.

    repentant prayer

    .. And the seed of Israel separated themselves from all strangers,

    sanctification or holiness apart from the sin of their former life

    and stood and confessed their sins, and the iniquities of their fathers.

    Confession to God precedes asking for forgiveness. 

    But they and our fathers dealt proudly, and hardened their necks, and hearkened not to thy commandments,

    And refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them; but hardened their necks, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage:

    but thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and forsookest them not.

    Nehamiah 9:16-17 KJV

    the remission of sins,

    Admittedly 'remission from the Creed is a little 'King James' in its sound. But recognize the New Testament application with which you may be able to relate from a familiar prayer and Scripture. 

    Forgive us our debts

    (Which comes from this OT application of the Law)

    “At the end of every seven years you shall grant a remission of debts.

    מִקֵּץ שֶׁבַע־שָׁנִים תַּעֲשֶׂה שְׁמִטָּה׃

    Deuteronomy 18:1 LSB


    ‘And forgive us our debts,
    as we also have forgiven our debtors.

    Gospel of Matthew 6:12 LSB

    “For if you forgive others for their transgressions,

    your heavenly Father will also forgive you.

    “But if you do not forgive others,

    then your Father will not forgive your transgressions.

    Matthew 6:14-15 LSB – the teaching of Jesus, the Son of Man, to followers


    paraptōma – transgressions

    • to fall beside or near something
    • a lapse or deviation from truth and uprightness
      • a sin, misdeed

    And you were dead in your transgressions G3900 and sins..

    Apostle Paul to the Ephesians 2:1

    For the wages of sin is death,
    but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.

    Romans 6:23 NIV

    The remission of Sins through Christ

    • the concept of “wages,” which implies a payment or consequence that is earned. In the biblical context,
    • sin refers to any action, thought, or attitude that falls short of God’s holiness and commands.
    • Death here is both physical and spiritual, indicating separation from God.
      • Theologically, this underscores the seriousness of sin and its inevitable outcome without divine intervention.

    Contrasting with the earned wages of sin, the “gift of God” emphasizes grace, which is unmerited favor. Eternal life is not something humans can earn; it is a gift freely given by God.

    It is only through Jesus Christ, His death, and resurrection, that believers receive this gift. Jesus is seen as the fulfillment of Old Testament types and prophecies, such as the Passover Lamb (Exodus 12) and the Suffering Servant (Isaiah 53).

    Source: BibleHub.org – commentary on Romans 6:23


    In Him we have redemption through His blood,

    the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of His grace.

    Ephesians 1:7 NKJV


    NEXT: Resurrection!

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